The use of LNG as a maritime fuel is growing. (Image source: Adobe Stock)
LNG remains the dominant alternative marine fuel readily available to the shipping industry, according to Lloyd’s Register’s (LR) latest Fuel for Thought report
The report highlights LNG’s growing adoption and its cost-effectiveness under tightening emissions regulations, and the growth in orders for LNG-capable vessels, with an expanding global fleet and rapidly growing bunkering infrastructure. Currently, 14% of all vessels on order will have LNG dual-fuel engines installed.
The report forecasts that LNG will remain the most cost-effective fuel choice for foreseeable transition pathways up to 2049. LR’s modelling suggests that LNG-fuelled vessels could generate substantial compliance savings compared to ships running on very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO), with additional benefits from regulatory mechanisms such as pooling.
However, the report cautions that LNG’s long-term sustainability depends on tackling methane slip — unburned methane emissions that reduce its overall GHG advantage— and that its ability to meet stricter targets in the 2040s will depend on advances in cleaner LNG production, particularly through biomethane and synthetic e-LNG, as well as the development of onboard carbon capture technologies.
Panos Mitrou, LR’s global gas segment director, said, “As regulations emerge that place a real financial impact on greenhouse gas emissions, ship operators are realising that LNG is one of few low-carbon fuels to be available immediately, widely, with established safety protocols and at relatively predictable cost.
“There are several opportunities to improve the long-term sustainability of LNG. These are already being addressed, and the measures that are being worked on – from cleaner production and supply processes to bio-LNG and OCCS, through the uptake of onboard methane abatement technologies, as well as regulatory acceptance of these improvements – are likely to increase uptake of LNG even further.”
The report also highlights specific examples of innovation, such as the use of high-manganese steel for LNG tanks, which has significantly reduced costs while maintaining cryogenic handling properties. This technology has been successfully implemented in vessels like the Advantage Tankers LLC’s VLCCs, demonstrating the increasing uptake of LNG across diverse vessel segments.
Nick Potter, president & CEO of AET, said, “LNG is a key component of AET’s Decarbonisation Strategy, providing immediate emissions reductions while we also invest in net-zero carbon solutions. Through our tiered decarbonisation strategy, we are integrating energy efficiency technologies, innovative propulsion systems, and future fuel capabilities, including ammonia, to help meet our 2030 GHG emissions intensity target.
“While LNG is a viable option today, its long-term role will depend on developments in bio-LNG, synthetic LNG, and the commercial and regulatory landscape for fuels such as methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen. We see LNG as part of a multi-fuel future, complementing alternative energy sources as we move towards our 2050 net-zero goal as part of the MISC Group.”
