Oil and gas companies driving CCUS development

Oil and gas companies are playing a leading role in the development of carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) according to a new report from GlobalData

CCUS is widely gaining credence as an important energy transition strategy, given its potential to decarbonise hard-to-abate sectors such as cement, steel, refining, and thermal power generation.

As of 2024, more than 70% of the operational and planned CCUS facilities were associated with energy assets, according to the GlobalData’s Strategic Intelligence report, “Carbon Capture and Storage", indicating a growing commitment by the energy sector to reduce its emissions intensity through innovation in carbon capture and storage technologies. The global energy sector accounted for more than 50 commercial-scale carbon capture projects as of 2024, representing a cumulative carbon capture capacity of approximately 45 million tonnes per annum (MTPA). If all the proposed projects come to fruition, the global carbon capture capacity in the energy sector could rise to nearly 316 MTPA by 2030.

Leading oil and gas players such as ExxonMobil, Occidental Petroleum, and Equinor have taken early initiatives in CCUS, supported by engineering and service companies like Technip Energies, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI), and SLB. These firms are leveraging their expertise in industrial-scale project delivery to develop and execute carbon capture strategies across upstream and downstream operations. According to GlobalData’s report, there are 17 carbon capture projects in advanced stages of development that are expected to begin operations later this year. Additionally, around 460 capture projects are under development globally across diverse industries, which will lead to significant capacity growth through 2030.

Middle East CCUS leadership

The Middle East is emerging as a major region for CCUS development. The UAE’s ADNOC operates Al Reyadah, the world’s first commercial scale operation to capture and store CO2 from the steel industry, with a capacity of 800,000 tonnes a year. Further projects are planned and underway such as Habshan, which will have a capture and storage capacity of 1.5MTPA and is set for completion in 2026. CO2 will be injected and placed for permanent storage in ADNOC Onshore’s Bab Far North Field, southwest of Abu Dhabi. ADNOC aims to capture and store 10MTPA of CO2 by 2030. Meanwhile while Aramco has a target of 14 MTPA by 2035, and is developing a major 9MTPA carbon capture hub at Jubail with SLB and Linde, set to be one of the largest in the world.

Ravindra Puranik, Oil and Gas analyst at GlobalData, commented, “Unlike consumer-driven clean energy trends, CCUS adoption is largely influenced by regulatory and economic frameworks, with limited visibility to end users. Policies such as the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), Canada’s carbon pricing mechanism, and the US 45Q tax credit have been instrumental in unlocking commercial opportunities for CCUS. These frameworks have helped offset the high capital and operational costs of CCUS deployment, particularly in energy-intensive industries, and are driving the emergence of large-scale projects globally.”

Puranik noted however that CCUS still faces a range of challenges that threaten to hamper its scale-up, such as high upfront costs, the lack of fully developed CO₂ transport and storage infrastructure, and limited commercial applications for captured CO₂. Retrofitting existing facilities often adds further complexity, making project economics difficult without consistent policy support.

“Additionally, regulatory uncertainty around permitting processes, cross-border CO₂ transport, and long-term liability for stored carbon continues to pose risks for investors. Public scepticism also persists, with some critics viewing CCUS as a strategy to extend the life of fossil fuels rather than as a legitimate tool for emissions reduction. The absence of standardisation and the fragmented nature of the CCUS value chain further limit the ability to implement integrated, scalable solutions.”