Over three quarters or 77% of new LNG supply are at risk under a 2-degree scenario, suggests Wood Mackenzie’s latest report
Under the scenario, gas demand comes under pressure from increased investments in renewables and energy storage in the power sector, as well as efficiency improvements and adoption of new technologies in non-power sectors. In a 2-degree world, green hydrogen becomes a game changer in the long-term emerging as a key competitor to gas consumption towards the end of 2040 and achieving a 10% share in the total primary energy demand by 2050.
Wood Mackenzie, principal analyst Kateryna Filippenko, said: “With weaker global gas demand, the space for new developments will be limited. This is a significant challenge for companies considering FID on new projects. In a 2-degree world, only about 145 bcm per annum of additional LNG supply is needed in 2040 compared to 450 bcm per annum in our base case outlook. And if we consider imminent FID for Qatar North Field East expansion, the space for new projects shrinks to 104 bcm per annum, down 77% from our base case.”
Low-cost LNG suppliers Russia and Qatar are expected to be front-runners to fill the modest supply gap, while low Henry Hub prices would also mean competitive US LNG projects. Wood Mackenzie’s Global Gas Model suggested that in a 2-degree scenario, only a few Australian backfill projects will go ahead, pushing the country down the list of top LNG exporters, while expansion of Canadian and Mozambique LNG capacities are unlikely to materialise. As LNG demand starts declining post 2035, US LNG underutilisation will be required to balance the market, similar to what has happened in 2020.
Wood Mackenzie, research analyst Evgeniya Mezentseva, said; “LNG developers will have a difficult decision to make. On the one hand, there will be windows of opportunities for investment decisions. But on the other hand, the long-term value of these investments might be at risk by the prospects of a shrinking market space combined with competitive pressure from lower-cost producers.”
The category of projects most affected under a 2-degree pathway are discovered pre-FID developments. In 2040, production from these projects are expected to be about 1,300 bcm less compared to the base case outlook.
